The Sistine Chapel packs five centuries of art, politics and ritual into a room just 40.9 by 13.4 metres — smaller than most visitors picture from photos alone, which is part of why it feels so crowded.

  • The ceiling — painted 1508–1512, Michelangelo's best-known work anywhere
  • The Last Judgment — added to the altar wall over two decades later, a very different, darker composition
  • The side walls — frescoed by Perugino, Botticelli and Ghirlandaio before Michelangelo ever arrived, and often overlooked
  • The conclave — held here since the late 15th century; still a working chapel, not just a museum room
  • Dress code and photography — enforced here more strictly than almost anywhere else in the Museums